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Abstract
This multicenter, open-label, third-party—masked trial compared the efficacy and safety
of itraconazole oral solution (200 mg once daily) and clotrimazole troches (10 mg
five times daily) in a population of immunocompromised subjects composed primarily
of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS). Patients were treated for 14 days; patients who exhibited a clinical response
were followed up for an additional month to document the occurrence of relapse. Efficacy
was judged by changes from baseline in symptoms of oropharyngeal candidiasis (erythema,
soreness/burning), extent of oral lesions, and the presence/absence of Candida species on fungal culture. A total of 162 patients were randomized, and 149 were
evaluated for efficacy. The percentage of patients with negative cultures at the end
of treatment was significantly greater in the itraconazole group than in the clotrimazole
group (60% vs 32%, respectively). Negative culture plus clinical response was achieved
in significantly more itraconazole-treated patients (53%) than clotrimazole-treated
patients (30%); results were similar in the subgroup of patients with HIV/AIDS. Both
drugs were well tolerated, with the most frequently reported adverse events for both
agents involving the gastrointestinal system. In conclusion, systemic therapy with
itraconazole oral solution is efficacious and well tolerated in immunocompromised
patients, including those with HIV/AIDS, when administered once daily for 14 days
for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
Keywords
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© 1997 Published by Elsevier Inc.
