Highlights
- •Noninvasive biomarkers for estimating Crohn's disease activity are needed.
- •Selenium deficiency is common in patients with Crohn's disease.
- •Serum selenium level was inversely correlated with Crohn's disease activity.
- •Serum selenium level may serve as a biomarker to assess Crohn's disease activity.
Abstract
Purpose
Accurate and reliable evaluation of Crohn's disease (CD) activity is crucial for monitoring
and treating the disease; however, it is challenging. There is a high demand for new,
reliable, and noninvasive biomarkers for estimating CD activity. Selenium deficiency
is common in patients with CD; however, its correlation with disease severity remains
unclear. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using serum selenium concentration
as an additional biomarker for determining the severity of CD.
Methods
This retrospective study included consecutive Asian patients aged 18 to 60 years and
hospitalized for CD between May 2020 and December 2020 at the Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Center (Hangzhou, China). Patients with a history of extensive small intestinal surgery
and/or short bowel syndrome were excluded from analysis. Serum selenium concentration
was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Disease severity
was evaluated based on inflammatory markers (simple endoscopic score for CD, CD activity
index, Harvey-Bradshaw index, serum C-reactive protein level, erythrocyte sedimentation
rate, and platelet count) and markers of nutrition status (body mass index; blood
hemoglobin and hematocrit; as well as serum levels of albumin, folic acid, and vitamin
D). The correlations between serum selenium level and disease severity–related parameters
were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Findings
The study included 94 men and 41 women. Serum selenium level was significantly and
inversely associated with all tested disease activity–related parameters by univariate
analysis (all, P < 0.05). Further multivariate analysis showed that the simple endoscopic score for
CD and serum levels of albumin and folic acid were significantly and independently
correlated with serum selenium level (all, P < 0.05).
Implications
Serum selenium concentration was inversely correlated with endoscopic disease severity
in these Asian patients with CD. It is feasible to use serum selenium level as an
additional biomarker for assessing and monitoring disease activity. The present results
might have been influenced by geographic region, sample size, and/or dietary factors.
Serum selenium level and other indicators of CD activity measured before and after
treatment may provide more useful clinical information.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 31, 2022
Accepted:
March 8,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc.
