Highlights
- •US FDA-approved desmopressin drugs for nocturia have boxed warning for hyponatremia risk.
- •Older adults are the most likely population to have nocturia, more frequent nocturia.
- •Most US older adults with nocturia have comorbidities, take other meds that increase risk.
- •The older the age group, the higher the contraindications, contraindications + interacting meds.
- •Desmopressin trial participants were not representative of the US older adult population with nocturia.
Abstract
Purpose
The goal of this study was to determine if the US adult population with nocturia (waking
from sleep at night to void) can easily take medications (desmopressin acetate) approved
by the US Food and Drug Administration for nocturia. The study examined: (1) the prevalence
of comorbid conditions, laboratory abnormalities, and concomitant medications that
increase risk of desmopressin use; and (2) whether these factors are associated with
age or nocturia frequency.
Methods
Using a cross-sectional analysis of four US National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES) waves (2005–2012), a total of 4111 participants aged ≥50 years who
reported ≥2 nightly episodes of nocturia were identified. The main outcome was frequency
of contraindications and drug interactions as described in US Food and Drug Administration–approved
prescribing information. These prescribing concerns were matched to examination findings,
medical conditions, concomitant medications, and laboratory results of NHANES participants.
The associations between prescribing concerns and nocturia severity and age groups
were examined.
Findings
The mean participant age was 65.7 years (95% CI, 65.3–66.1), and 45.5% were male.
Desmopressin prescribing concerns were present in 80.5% (95% CI, 78.0–82.9) of those
≥50 years of age with nocturia; 50.0% (95% CI, 47.0–53.0) had contraindications, and
41.6% (95% CI, 39.3–44.0) took a concomitant drug that could increase risk of low
serum sodium. Desmopressin contraindications were higher with older age (P < 0.001) and present in 73.2% (95% CI, 69.3–77.1) of those ≥80 years of age.
Implications
Using NHANES data, this study showed that older US adults with nocturia have a high
prevalence of medical conditions, concomitant medications, and baseline laboratory
abnormalities that likely increase the risk of potentially severe adverse side effects
from desmopressin use. A medication designed and approved for a clinical symptom that
is most common in older adults could not be taken by most of the older adults with
the symptom.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 28, 2020
Accepted:
November 4,
2020
Footnotes
An abstract of this paper was presented at the Gerontological Association of America 2020 Annual Scientific Meeting Online. November 5, 2020. Washington DC.
Identification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Inc.
