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Abstract
The most common causes of ocular inflammation are allergic or infectious in origin.
A presumptive diagnosis can often be made through a comprehensive patient history
and evaluation of presenting signs and symptoms, although the constellation and intensity
of clinical findings may vary. Patients with allergic conjunctivitis often have itchy,
red eyes, whereas patients with bacterial conjunctivitis often give a history of morning
crusting and difficulty opening the eyelids. The treatment of patients with allergic
conjunctivitis includes avoiding the offending allergen and applying topical antihistamines,
mast cell stabilizers, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are responsible for most cases of bacterial conjunctivitis in children; Staphylococcus species is the predominant organism in adults. Therefore, the treatment of patients
with bacterial conjunctivitis consists of an antimicrobial agent with a broad spectrum
of activity against most susceptible pathogenus. Other causes of inflammation need
to be considered in patients with atypical clinical signs and symptoms and in patients
who do not respond to presumptive therapy.
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© 1995 Published by Elsevier Inc.
